Web3 vs Web2
Introduction
The evolution of the internet can be understood through different stages of development. Web2 represents the current internet used by most platforms today, while Web3 introduces a new model based on decentralized technologies.
Understanding the differences between Web2 and Web3 helps explain why blockchain systems are being adopted for certain applications.
What is it
Web2 refers to the modern internet dominated by centralized platforms. These platforms provide services such as social media, cloud storage, and online marketplaces.
In Web2 systems:
Platforms control user accounts
Data is stored on company servers
Services rely on centralized infrastructure
Web3 introduces a different structure where applications are built on decentralized blockchain networks.
In Web3 systems:
Users control their digital wallets
Transactions are recorded on public blockchains
Smart contracts automate application logic
How it works
In Web2, a user typically creates an account with an email and password. The platform stores user data and controls access to services.
In Web3, authentication usually occurs through a crypto wallet.
A typical Web3 login process includes:
Connecting a wallet
Signing a message with the wallet
Verifying the signature on the application
This method allows users to authenticate without creating traditional accounts.
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Common risks
Both Web2 and Web3 have different types of risks.
Web2 risks include:
Data breaches
Platform censorship
Account suspension
Web3 risks include:
Smart contract vulnerabilities
Phishing websites
Wallet security issues
Understanding these risks helps users interact with each system more safely.
How to verify
Users can verify whether an application operates on Web3 infrastructure by checking:
The presence of a smart contract address
Blockchain transaction records
Open-source contract code
Integration with crypto wallets
Blockchain explorers allow users to verify activity directly on the network.
Applied in ASTROC2M
ASTROC2M combines traditional web interfaces with Web3 infrastructure.
Users interact with the platform through a website, but blockchain components manage:
NFT ownership
Smart contract interactions
On-chain transaction records
This hybrid approach allows users to verify blockchain activity independently.